Although Phoenix (Phung Hoang) Program was a crucial element of the post Tet 1968 pacification plan, it has subsequently been considered among the most controversial CIA’s activities during the Vietnam War. Phoenix Operations Phoenix Program had the prime objective...
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Vietnam Syndrome, like other post-war syndromes, was first used in early 1970s to describe the physical and psychological symptoms of veterans coming back from the Vietnam War, later best known as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). By the end of...
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Although the phrase “Silent Majority” came into use as early as in the late 19th century to depict “dead”, it was not popularized until the speech of U.S. President Richard Nixon to address the war in Vietnam to American...
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Evolution of The Media Since the beginning of the World War II, television gradually became familiar to the public. At the end of the war, it began to be manufactured in large-scale. In 1950s, there were only 9% of...
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Establishment As a result of Geneva Conference in 1954, the French and Viet Minh came to an agreement to secure peace in Vietnam. All French forces in the North returned to the South while Viet Minh units in the South...
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Development & Early Use During the World War I, gasoline was used in combat flamethrowers. However, the essential problem with gasoline was that it burned out too quickly to be effective. To increase its effectiveness, the U.S. Chemical Warfare...
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U.S. and Allies Weapons Infantry Weapon / M16 Until early 1960s, M14 was still the primary infantry weapon in Vietnam. Although accurate and powerful with its 7.62mm ammunition, M14 was heavy and unwieldy. Using 7.62mm cartridge, M14 was also...
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In 1959, The Lao Dong Party’s (Communist Party) Central Committee decided to increase support to the communist insurgency in South Vietnam. On the occasion of Ho Chi Minh’s birthday on May 19, 1959, Major General Nguyen Van Vinh instructed...
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What was “Viet Cong”? The term “Việt Cộng” first appeared in various Saigon newspapers in 1956. It came from the phrase “Việt Nam Cộng Sản” which means “Vietnamese Communists” and “Việt gian Cộng Sản” which literally means “Vietnamese Traitor...
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Movements and protests against the U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War started small mostly among the pacifist and leftists in campus “teach-ins” but then began in earnest in 1965 after the U.S. started regular bombings against North Vietnam. Anti-war...
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